Tài liệu, ebook Khoa Học Tự Nhiên

Describe and suggest evidence for the major events in the history of life on Earth from Earth’s origin to 2 billion years ago. Briefly describe the Cambrian explosion. Explain how continental drift led to Australia’s unique flora and fauna. Describe the mass extinctions that ended the Permian and Cretaceous periods. Explain the function of Hox ...

64 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 935 | Lượt tải: 0

Define and discuss the limitations of the four species concepts. Describe and provide examples of prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers. Distinguish between and provide examples of allopatric and sympatric speciation. Explain how polyploidy can cause reproductive isolation. Define the term hybrid zone and describe three outcomes for ...

39 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 915 | Lượt tải: 0

Distinguish among the following sets of terms: directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection; intrasexual and intersexual selection. List four reasons why natural selection cannot produce perfect organisms.

43 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 872 | Lượt tải: 0

Describe the contributions to evolutionary theory made by Linnaeus, Cuvier, Lyell, Lamarck, Malthus, and Wallace. Describe Lamarck’s theories, and explain why they have been rejected. Explain what Darwin meant by “descent with modification.” Explain Darwin’s observations and inferences. Explain why an individual organism cannot evolve. Describ...

41 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 891 | Lượt tải: 0

Describe the application of DNA technology to the diagnosis of genetic disease, the development of gene therapy, vaccine production, and the development of pharmaceutical products. Define a SNP and explain how it may produce a RFLP. Explain how DNA technology is used in the forensic sciences.

61 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 1008 | Lượt tải: 0

Explain how capsids and envelopes are formed. Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic reproductive cycles. Explain why viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. Describe the reproductive cycle of an HIV retrovirus. Describe three processes that lead to the

29 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 904 | Lượt tải: 0

Explain how DNA methylation and histone acetylation affect chromatin structure and the regulation of transcription. Define control elements and explain how they influence transcription. Explain the role of promoters, enhancers, activators, and repressors in transcription control.

49 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 1009 | Lượt tải: 0

Describe the contributions made by Garrod, Beadle, and Tatum to our understanding of the relationship between genes and enzymes. Briefly explain how information flows from gene to protein. Compare transcription and translation in bacteria and eukaryotes.

74 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 883 | Lượt tải: 0

Describe the contributions of the following people: Griffith; Avery, McCary, and MacLeod; Hershey and Chase; Chargaff; Watson and Crick; Franklin; Meselson and Stahl. Describe the structure of DNA. Describe the process of DNA replication; include the following terms: antiparallel structure, DNA polymerase, leading strand, lagging strand, Okazaki ...

56 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 930 | Lượt tải: 0

Thiết bị đắt tiền hơn, đặc biệt là hệ gradient áp suất cao. – Độ chính xác của thành phần pha động kém hơn hệ isocratic. – Khi một thành phần có tỉ lệ nhỏ, thành phần pha động sẽ kém chính xác và không ổn định.

65 trang | Chia sẻ: nguyenlam99 | Ngày: 11/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 1043 | Lượt tải: 0