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Assertions are conditions that should be true at a particular point in a method Help ensure a program’s validity by catching potential bugs Preconditions and Postconditions are two kinds of assertions Assertions can be stated as comments or assertions can be validated programmatically using the assert statement
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A general path is a shape constructed from straight lines and complex curves Class GeneralPath Method moveTo specifies the first point in a general path Method lineTo draws a line to the next point in the path Method closePath completes the general path Graphics2D method translate – used to move the drawing origin Graphics2D method rotate – u...
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JScrollPane has scrollbar policies Horizontal policies Always (HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS) As needed (HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED) Never (HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER) Vertical policies Always (VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS) As needed (VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED) Never (VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER)
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Several UML modeling tools convert UML-based designs into Java code and can speed the implementation process considerably. For more information on these tools, refer to the Internet and Web Resources listed at the end of Section 2.9.
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Class Object methods clone equals finalize getClass hashCode notify, notifyAll, wait toString
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Implementing the ATM system from its UML design (for each class) Declare a public class with the name in the first compartment and an empty no-argument constructor Declare instance variables based on attributes in the second compartment Declare references to other objects based on associations described in the class diagram Declare the shells o...
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Sequence of messages in a communication diagram Appear to the left of a message name Indicate the order in which the message is passed Process in numerical order from least to greatest
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Some operations may not have return types yet Remaining return types will be added as design and implementation proceed Identifying and modeling operation parameters Examine what data the operation requires to perform its assigned task Additional parameters may be added later on
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Activity Diagrams Focus on system behavior Model an object’s workflow during program execution Model the actions the object will perform and in what order UML representation Action state ( rectangle with its left and right sides replaced by arcs curving outwards) Action order ( arrow with a stick arrowhead) Initial state (solid circle) Fina...
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Identifying attributes Look for descriptive words and phrases in the requirements document Create attributes and assign them to classes Each attribute is given an attribute type Some attributes may have an initial value Some classes may end up without any attributes Additional attributes may be added later on as the design and implementation ...
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