Chapter 3 Nearest neighbor based classifiersConclusions The nearest-neighbor classifiers are appealing and effective. The drawback is in the implementation: high computational time and space for large training data. To reduce the computation time, various approaches have been proposed which help retrieve the nearest neighbors in a short time (e.g. using the support of some data structures...
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Chapter 2 Pattern RepresentationThe Cayley-Hamilton Theorem In practical calculation, we set the characteristic polynomial equal to zero, given the characteristic equation: det |A - I| = 0 The zeros of the characteristic polynomial, which are solutions to this equation, are the eigenvalues of the matrix A. The second step in solving the eigenvalue problem is to find the eig...
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Chapter 1 Overview on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning5. Two paradigms of pattern recognition There are several paradigms which have been used to solve the pattern recognition problem. The two main ones are statistical pattern recognition and syntactic pattern recognition In statistical pattern recognition, we use vector spaces to represent patterns and classes. The abstractions deal with probabili...
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Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 11: Relational Database Design Algorithms and Further DependenciesRecap Designing a Set of Relations Properties of Relational Decompositions Algorithms for Relational Database Schema Multivalued Dependencies and Fourth Normal Form Join Dependencies and Fifth Normal Form Inclusion Dependencies Other Dependencies and Normal Forms
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Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 10: Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational DatabasesChapter Outline Informal Design Guidelines for Relational Databases Functional Dependencies (FDs) Definition, Inference Rules, Equivalence of Sets of FDs, Minimal Sets of FDs Normal Forms Based on Primary Keys General Normal Form Definitions (For Multiple Keys) BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
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Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 9: Introduction to SQL Programming TechniquesSummary Assertions provide a means to specify additional constraints Triggers are assertions that define actions to be automatically taken when certain conditions occur Views create temporary (virtual) tables A database may be accessed in an interactive mode Most often, however, data in a database is manipulate via application pro...
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Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 8: SQL-99: SchemaDefinition, Constraints, and Queries and ViewsRecap of SQL Queries A query in SQL can consist of up to six clauses, but only the first two, SELECT and FROM, are mandatory. The clauses are specified in the following order: SELECT
FROM [WHERE
] [GROUP BY ] [HAVING ] [ORDER BY ] There ar... 13 trang | Chia sẻ: vutrong32 | Ngày: 17/10/2018 | Lượt xem: 2121 | Lượt tải: 0
Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 7: Relational Database Design by ERand EERR-To-Relational MappingChapter Summary ER-to-Relational Mapping Algorithm Step 1: Mapping of Regular Entity Types Step 2: Mapping of Weak Entity Types Step 3: Mapping of Binary 1:1 Relation Types Step 4: Mapping of Binary 1:N Relationship Types. Step 5: Mapping of Binary M:N Relationship Types. Step 6: Mapping of Multivalued attributes. Step 7: Ma...
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Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 6: The Relational Algebra and CalculusQBE: A Query Language Based on Domain Calculus (Appendix C) The language is very user-friendly, because it uses minimal syntax. QBE was fully developed further with facilities for grouping, aggregation, updating etc. and is shown to be equivalent to SQL. The language is available under QMF (Query Management Facility) of DB2 of IBM and...
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Bài giảng Database Systems - Chapter 5: The Relational Data Model and Relational Database ConstraintsSummary Presented Relational Model Concepts Definitions Characteristics of relations Discussed Relational Model Constraints and Relational Database Schemas Domain constraints’ Key constraints Entity integrity Referential integrity Described the Relational Update Operations and Dealing with Constraint Violations
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