Thương mại điện tử - The Internet and The Web - Chapter-2 - Part 3

CSC 330 E-CommerceTeacher Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan GM-IT CIIT Islamabad Virtual Campus, CIIT COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyT1-Lecture-5The Internet and The WebChapter-2Part-IIIT1-Lecture-5For Lecture Material/Slides Thanks to: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, IncWi-Fi Technologies a Review (2G) T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-3T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-4Wi-Fi Technologies a Review (2.5 G) T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-54GLong Term Evolution LTEUpto 100-300 MbpsTrue Broadband on Cell phoneAt&TWiMax72 MbpsAlternate to LTE wide area networkClearwise/SprintWi-Fi Technologies a Review (4G) Benefits of Internet II Technologies2. Latency solutions: diffserv (differentiated quality of service)Assigns different levels of priority to packets depending on type of data being transmitted. e.g. video data needs priority.Video on Demand (VoD) will be possible for every client.3. Guaranteed service levels and lower error rates possible to purchase the right to move data through the network at a guaranteed speed in return for higher fees.Improved capacity and packet switching will inevitably impact quality of data transmissions, reducing error rates and boosting customer satisfaction.T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-7Benefits of Internet II Technologies4. Declining CostsAs the Internet pipeline is upgraded, the availability of broadband service will expand beyond major metropolitan areas, significantly reducing the costs of access.More users means lower cost, as products and technology catch on in the mass market.Both broadband and wireless service fees are expected to decline as geographic service areas increase, in fact due to competition for the business.T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-8T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-9Bandwidth Demand of various web ApplicationsDevelopment of the Web1989–1991: Web invented Tim Berners-Lee at CERNHTML, HTTP, Web server, Web browser1993: Mosaic Web browser w/GUIAndreessen and others at NCSA Runs on Windows, Macintosh, or Unix 1994: Netscape Navigator, First commercial Web browserAndreessen, Jim Clark1995: Microsoft Internet ExplorerT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-10Some initial products of the World Wide WebMosaicWeb browser with a graphical user interface (GUI) that made it possible to view documents on the Web graphically.Universal computingThe sharing of files, information, graphics, sound, video, and other objects across all computer platforms in the world, regardless of operating systemNetscape NavigatorThe first commercial Web browser.Internet ExplorerMicrosoft’s Web browserT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-11HypertextText formatted with embedded links Links connect documents to one another, and to other objects such as sound, video, or animation filesUses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and URLs to locate and transfer resources on the WebExample URL Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-12Markup LanguagesGeneralized Markup Language (GML)—1960sThe concept behind document formatting was actually first floated in 1960Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) early GML,1986The purpose of SGML was to help very large organizations format and categorize large collections of documents and run independent of any s/w programHypertext Markup Language (HTML)one of the next generation of GMLs that is relatively easy to use in Web page design. HTML provides Web page designers with a fixed set of markup “tags” that are used to format a Web pageT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-13Markup LanguageseXtensible Markup Language (XML)a markup language specification developed by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) Data and Tags designed to describe data are provided/labled by the users.T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-14Web Servers and Web ClientsWeb server software: Enables a computer to deliver Web pages to clients on networks that request this service by sending an HTTP request examples: Apache and Microsoft IIS. The Basic capabilities include: Security services: consist mainly of authentication services that verify that the person trying to access the site is authorized to do so.FTP:allows users to transfer files to and from the server as per permission granted.search engineenable users to search the entire Web for particular documents, enable indexing of the site’s Web pages and content, and permit easy keyword searching of the site’s content.Data capturemonitoring site traffic, who visited the site, how long , the date and time of each visit, and which specific pages were accessed.T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-15Web Servers and Web ClientsWeb server Can refer to Web server software or physical serverSpecialized servers: database servers, ad-servers, mail server, video server, etc.Database server ; server designed to access specific information with a database.Ad server: server designed to deliver targeted banner advertismentsMail server: server that provides e-mail messagesVideo server: server that serves video clipsWeb client: Any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages. most commonly a Windows PC or MacintoshT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-16Web BrowsersPrimary purpose to display Web pagesInternet Explorer (67%) and Firefox (23%) dominate the marketOther browsers include:NetscapeOperaSafari (for Apple)Google’s ChromeT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-17The Internet and Web Features that Promote e commerceInternet and Web features on which the foundations of e-commerce are built include:E-mailInstant messagingSearch enginesIntelligent agents (bots)Online forums and chatStreaming mediaCookiesT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-18E-mailMost used application of the InternetUses series of protocols for transferring messages with text and attachments (images, sound, video clips, etc.,) from one Internet user to anotherMost of the marketing campaigns runs on e-mail so e-mail can be an effective marketing tool.Attachment: a file inserted within an e-mail messageT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-19Instant MessagingDisplays words typed on a computer almost instantly, and recipients can then respond immediately in the same wayDifferent proprietary systems offered by AOL, MSN, Yahoo, and GoogleMeebo, Digsby: allow users to communicate across platforms of messengersBusinessmen use IM as a client support.T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-20Search EnginesIdentify Web pages that match queries based on one or more techniquesKeyword indexes, page rankingAlso serve as:Shopping toolsAdvertising vehicles (search engine marketing)Tool within e-commerce sitesOutside of e-mail, most commonly used Internet activityT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-21How Google WorksT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-22T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-23Top Five search EnginesIntelligent Agents (Bots)Software programs that gather and/or filter information on a specific topic and then provide a list of resultsSearch botShopping botWeb monitoring botNews botChatter botT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-24T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-25Intelligent Agents (Bots)Online Forums and ChatOnline forum: AKA message board, bulletin board, discussion group, board, or forum Web application that enables Internet users to communicate with each other, although not in real timeMembers visit online forum to check for new postsOnline chat:Similar to IM, but for multiple usersTypically, users log into chat roomT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-26Streaming MediaEnables music, video, and other large files to be sent to users in chunks so that when received and played, file comes through uninterruptedAllows users to begin playing media files before file is fully downloadedT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-27Cookiesa tool used by Web sites to store information about a user. When a visitor enters a Web site, the site sends a small text file (the cookie) to the user’s computer so that information from the site can be loaded more quickly on future visits. The cookie can contain any information desired by the site designersCan help personalize Web site experienceCan pose privacy threatSlide 3-28T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-28Web 2.0 Features and ServicesBlogsPersonal Web page that typically contains a series of chronological entries by its author, and links to related Web pagesReally Simple Syndication (RSS) Program that allows users to have digital content automatically sent to their computers over the InternetT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-29Web 2.0 Features and ServicesPodcastingan audio presentation such as a radio show, audio from a movie, or simply personal audio presentations stored as an audio file and posted tothe Web WikisWeb application that allows a user to easily add and edit content on a Web pageNew music and video servicesVideocasts: social sharing of videosDigital video on demand T1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-30Web 2.0 Features and ServicesIP telephonya general term for the technologies that use VoIP and the Internet’s packet switched network to transmit voice and other forms of audio communication over the InternetVoice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)protocol that allows for transmission of voice and other forms of audio communication over the Internet.Internet Television (IPTV) Uses high-bandwidth Internet connections to deliver television programming to the homeT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-31Web 2.0 Features and ServicesOnline software and Web servicesMany kinds of Web services available; many free, from full-function applications, to much smaller chunks of code called “widgets” and “gadgets” that you can drag to your blog, or MySpace pages or Facebook page.Example: on Facebook, iLike signed up 1 million users in the first six month.Gadgets are closely related to widgets. They are small chunks of code that usually supply a single limited function such as a clock, calendar, or diaryM-commerce applicationsBeginning to take offT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-32Thank YouT1-Lecture-5 Ahmed Mumtaz Mustehsan Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc1-33