Quản trị mạng - Chapter 1: Lan design

1Chapter 1: LAN Design CCNA Exploration 4.0 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 2 Overview Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 3 Introduction to life cycle of a network Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 4 Enterprise Network Small Campus Network Design Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 5 Medium Campus Network Design Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 6 Multilayer-Switched Campus Backbone Design Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 7 Large-Scale Multilayer-Switched Campus Backbone Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 8 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 9 Principles of Design 1. Redundant Network Design Topologies 2. Hierarchical Network Design 3. Modular Network Design 4. Secure Network Design Topologies Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 10 Enterprise Campus Design Methodology Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 11 Hierarchical Network Model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 12 Switched LANs, access layer overview 1. The access layer provides users in workgroups access to the network. 2.The distribution layer provides policy- based connectivity. 3.The core layer ( backbone ) provides optimal transport between sites. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 13 Enterprise Campus Infrastructure Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 14 Access layer switches • An access layer switch should provide this functionality with low cost and high port density. – Catalyst 2950 series – Catalyst 2960 series – Catalyst 2960 series – Catalyst Express 500 series – Catalyst Express 520 series Catalyst Express 500 series Catalyst Express 520 series Access layer switches • Access layer switches operate at Layer 2 of the OSI model and provide services such as VLAN membership. • Access layer functions also include MAC layer filtering and microsegmentation. – MAC layer filtering allows switches to direct frames only to the switch port that is connected to the destination device. – The switch creates small Layer 2 segments called microsegments. The collision domain can be as small as two devices Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 15 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 16 Enterprise Campus Infrastructure Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 17 Distribution Layer • The purpose of this layer is to provide a boundary definition in which packet manipulation can take place. • Networks are segmented into broadcast domains by this layer. • Policies can be applied and access control lists can filter packets. • The distribution layer also prevents problems from affecting the core layer. • Switches in this layer operate at Layer 2 and Layer 3. • The distribution layer includes several functions such as the following: – Aggregation of the wiring closet connections – Broadcast/multicast domain definition – Virtual LAN (VLAN) routing – Any media transitions that need to occur – Security Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 18 Distribution layer switches • Distribution layer switches are the aggregation points for multiple access layer switches. • The switch must be able to accommodate the total amount of traffic from the access layer devices. • The distribution layer combines VLAN traffic and is a focal point for policy decisions about traffic flow. • For these reasons distribution layer switches operate at both Layer 2 and Layer 3. • The following Cisco switches are suitable for the distribution layer: – Catalyst 3550/3560 series – Catalyst 4500 series – Catalyst 6500 series 4500 6500 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 19 Enterprise Campus Infrastructure Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 20 Core Layer • The core layer is a high-speed switching backbone. • If they do not have an associated router module, an external router is used for the Layer 3 function. • This layer of the network design should not perform any packet manipulation. • Packet manipulation, such as access list filtering, would slow down the switching of packets. • Providing a core infrastructure with redundant alternate paths gives stability to the network in the event of a single device failure. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 21 Core Layer Switches • In a network design, the core layer can be a routed, or Layer 3, core. • Core layer switches are designed to provide efficient Layer 3 functionality when needed. • Factors such as need, cost, and performance should be considered before a choice is made. • The following Cisco switches are suitable for the core layer: – Catalyst 4500 and 4500-E series – Catalyst 6500 and 6500-E series 6500 4500 High Availability Across Campus Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 22 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 23 A Hierarchical Network in a Medium-Sized Business Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 24 A Hierarchical Network in a Medium-Sized Business Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 25 Benefits of a Hierarchical Network Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 26 Implement Optimal Redundancy Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 27 Managing Oversubscription and Bandwidth Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 28 Hierarchical Network Design Principles Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 29 Network Diameter Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 30 Bandwidth Aggregation Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 31 Extra: EtherChannel Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 32 Redundancy Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 33 Extra: High Availability Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 34 Extra: High Availability Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 35 Extra: High Availability Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 36 Extra: High Availability Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 37 What is a Converged Network ? Small and medium-sized businesses are embracing the idea of running voice and video services on their data networks. Let us look at how voice and video over IP (VoIP) affect a hierarchical network. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 38 Legacy Equipment Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 39 Advanced Technology • One benefit of a converged network is that there is just one network to manage. • Another benefit is lower implementation and management costs. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 40 New Options • You can accomplish the same function using special software integrated with a personal computer. Softphones, such as the Cisco IP Communicator, offer a lot of flexibility for businesses. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 41 Extra: Cisco IP Communicator Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 42 Separate Voice, Video and Data Networks Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 43 Separate Voice, Video and Data Networks Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 44 Separate Voice, Video and Data Networks Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 45 Separate Voice, Video and Data Networks Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 46 Activity 1.1.3.3 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 47 Considerations for Hierarchical Network Switches Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 48 Traffic Flow Analysis • ex.shtml Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 49 User Communities Analysis User community analysis is the process of identifying various groupings of users and their impact on network performance Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 50 User Communities Analysis Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 51 Data Stores and Data Servers Analysis When analyzing traffic on a network, consider where the data stores and servers are located so that you can determine the impact of traffic on the network. Bottleneck ! Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 52 Data Stores and Data Servers Analysis Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 53 Topology Diagrams Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 54 Extra: Server Placement • An enterprise server supports all the users on the network by offering services, such as e-mail or Domain Name System (DNS) that everyone in an organization would need because it is a centralized function. • A workgroup server supports a specific set of users, offering services such as word processing and file sharing. • Enterprise servers should be placed in the main distribution facility (MDF). • Workgroup servers should be placed in the intermediate distribution facilities (IDFs) closest to the users accessing the applications on these servers. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 55 Switch Features Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 56 Switch Form Factors 1 rack unit (1U) special backplane cable StackWise technology : Interconnect up to 9 switches Extra: Rack Unit • A rack unit or U (less commonly RU) is a unit of measure used to describe the height of equipment intended for mounting in a 19-inch rack or a 23-inch rack. One rack unit is 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) high. • The size of a piece of rack-mounted equipment is frequently described as a number in "U". For example, one rack unit is often referred to as "1U", 2 rack units as "2U" and so on. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 57 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 58 Port Density Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 59 Forwarding Rates Wire Speed • Wire speed is the data rate that each port on the switch is capable of attaining, either 100 Mb/s Fast Ethernet or 1000 Mb/s Gigabit Ethernet. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 60 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 61 Link Aggregation Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 62 Power over Ethernet Power over Ethernet (PoE) allows the switch to deliver power to a device over the existing Ethernet cabling Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 63 Layer 3 Functions Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 64 Access Layer Switch Features Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 65 Distribution Layer Switch Features Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 66 Core Layer Switch Features Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 67 Switches for SMB • Activity 1.2.4.1 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 68 Test your knowledge Activity 1.2.4.2 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 69 Test your knowledge Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 70 Summary