Computing for Management - Lecture 1

Computing for ManagementLecture 1Professor Dr. Sajjad MohsinPh.D. Division of Production, Information and Systems Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology (MIT), Hokkaido. JAPANM.E.Dept. of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, MIT. JAPANM.Sc. Computer ScienceDepartment of Computer Science, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan1A-2ExperienceProfessor & Dean FIST, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, April 2011 to dateDean FIST & Chairman CS (Associate Professor)COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, Nov 2010 to August 2011Chairman & Head (Associate Professor) Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, July 2009 to Nov 2010.1A-3ExperienceHead (Associate Professor), Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, January 2008 to July 2009Associate Professor, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan, April 2005-January 2008Research Assistant with Prof. Yukinori Suzuki, MIT Japan, 2004 to 2005Research Project: A study on Telecommunication Network Modeling.1A-4ExperienceResearch Assistant with Prof. Yukinori Suzuki, MIT Japan. Research, 2003-2004 Project: A study on Congestion Control of Telecommunication Network.Teaching Assistant with Dr. Yasushi Honda, MIT Japan. Oct 2002, to Feb 2003Subject: Information Engineering Basic Practice B.Researcher with Prof. Yukinori Suzuki at the MIT Japan, Oct 1998 to March 2000.Systems Analyst, Central Telecom Research Laboratories (CTRL),PakistanTelecommunication Corporation Ltd. (PTCL), Islamabad. Pakistan, July 1992 – Sep. 2003Systems Analyst, National Institute of Electronics (NIE), Islamabad. Pakistan, Jun. 1987 – Jul. 19921A-5Grants2007 – PresentHigher Education Commission, Pakistan approved & funded research project "High Performance Image Processing using Genetic Algorithms on Auto-Load Balancing Symmetric Multi-Processing Platform" worth more than (Pakistan Rs.) 0.6 million2011 – 2013National ICT R&D Fund approved and funded the research project titled “3D Graphical Imagery Therapy for Healing Brain Tumors in Children” worth more than 11 million PKR. 1A-6HONORSMember Editorial Board of the “IEEE Transaction of The Fuzzy Systems” JournalMember Editorial Board of the World Information Technology JournalMember Editorial Board of the Information Technology JournalApproved PhD Supervisor of Higher Education Commission for PakistanMember Australian Computer Society1A-7HonorsAwarded Japanese Government, Ministry of Education Scholarship for Ph.D. April 2002- March 2005Awarded Japanese Government, Ministry of Education Scholarship for M.E. April 2000 –March 2002Awarded Japanese Government, Ministry of Education Scholarship as Research Student. Oct 1998- March 2000.Awarded Merit Scholarship by the Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad for M.Sc. Jan. 1985 – Dec. 19861A-8Computing for ManagementThis course has been designed to help Management Science students to get familiar with the modern computing technologies. Students will get familiarity with the computers and computing facilities including the techniques to use different office management software systems, underline functioning and working of hardware. Computer organization, different operating systems and multiple application software will also be discussed. 1A-9Computing for ManagementInternet and Information communication technologies have widely affected global businesses. With the knowledge of solving business issues and activities using computing technologies, attendees will understand the usability and applications of it in a much better way. Knowledge of this domain would be utilized in the rest of the courses throughout the program. 1A-10Course ThemeIntroducing Computer Systems Interacting With Your Computer Seeing, Hearing, and Printing DataProcessing DataStoring Data Using Operating SystemsWorking with Application Software NetworksPresenting the InternetApplying Internet TechnologiesDatabase Management Development of Information SystemsSoftware Programming and DevelopmentInformation Assurance: Security, Privacy, and Ethics1A-11BooksText BookP. Norton, Peter Norton’s introduction to computers. Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 6/e. Reference BooksR. K. Rainer and C. G. Cegielski, Introduction to information systems: enabling and transforming business. Wiley, 2009.B. K. Williams, S. C. Sawyer, and S. E. Hutchinson, Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers &Telecommunications. Irwin McGraw-Hill, United States of America, 1999.B. K. Williams, S. C. Sawyer, and S. E. Hutchinson, Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers &Telecommunications. Irwin McGraw-Hill, United States of America, 1999.1A-12BooksReference BooksA. Leon and M. Leon, Fundamentals of information technology. Leon Techworld, 1999.D. H. Sanders, Computers today. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996.1A-13Books – Useful url’sYou can download the books from useful sources scheme is25% Assignment/Quiz25% Sessionals50% Marks Terminal Examinations1A-15What is a Computer?It is an electronic deviceConverts data into informationModern computers are digitalTwo digits combine to make data, 0 and 1Older computers were analogA range of values made data1A-16Example of old analog computer1A-17Modern Digital Computer1A-18Where did Computers Come from?Pre-mechanical age (3000 BC - 1450 AD)main contribution: writing and numbering system(e.g. cuneiform, alphabet, writing tools - clay, stylus, papyrus)Mechanical age (1450 - 1840)main contribution: mechanical machines (e.g.printing press, slide rule, Pascaline)Electromechanical age (1840 - 1940)main contribution: electric-powered machines(e.g. voltaic battery, telegraph, telephone, radio) Electronic age (1940 - 1946 )main contribution: electromechanical and digital machines.(e.g. punched card, programmable machines, digital computers )Abacus3000 BCE, early form of beads on wires, used in ChinaAbacus, a Latin word derived its name from a Greek word abakos, a Greek genitive form of abax which means a calculating-table. The Abacus (c. 3000 BCE)Charles Babbage (1791-1871)Importance of the Difference EngineFirst attempt to devise a computing machine that was automatic in action and well adapted, by its printing mechanism, to a mathematical task of considerable importance.Analytical Engine – A DesignElectronic Numerical Integrator and Computer 1st large scale electronic digital computerdesigned and constructed at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering of the University of PennsylvaniaENIAC at Moore School, University of Pennsylvania IBM 360The IBM System/360 (S/360) was a mainframe computer system family announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978It was the first family of computers designed to cover the complete range of applications, from small to large, both commercial and scientific.1A-281A-29John Von NeumannA great mathematicianVon Neumann was a founding figure in computer scienceIdentified to program machines, June 1945IntelNoyce, Moore, and Andrew Grove leave Fairchild and found Intel in 1968focus on random access memory (RAM) chipsTed Hoff designs the Intel 4004, the first microprocessor in 1969 based on Digital’s PDP-8Intel processorsCPU Year Data Memory 4004 1971 4 1K8008 1972 8 16K8080 1974 8 64K8088 1980 8 1M 80286 1982 16 1M 80386 1985 32 4G 80486 1989 32 4G Pentium1993 64 4G Today’s Desktop Computers1A-33Workstation Computer1A-34Computers For Individual UseNotebook computersSmall portable computersWeighs between 3 and 8 poundsAbout 8 ½ by 11 inchesTypically as powerful as a desktopCan include a docking station1A-35Computers For Individual UseTablet computersNewest development in portable computersInput is through a penRun specialized versions of office products1A-36Computers For Individual UseHandheld computersVery small computersPersonal Digital Assistants (PDA)Note taking or contact managementData can synchronize with a desktopSmart phonesHybrid of cell phone and PDAWeb surfing, e-mail access1A-37Computers For OrganizationsNetwork serversCentralized computerAll other computers connectProvides access to network resourcesMultiple servers are called server farmsOften simply a powerful desktop1A-38Network Servers1A-39Computers For OrganizationsMainframesUsed in large organizationsHandle thousands of usersUsers access through a terminal1A-40Computers For OrganizationsMinicomputersCalled midrange computersPower between mainframe and desktopHandle hundreds of usersUsed in smaller organizationsUsers access through a terminal1A-41Computers For OrganizationsSupercomputersThe most powerful computers madeHandle large and complex calculationsProcess trillions of operations per secondFound in research organizations1A-42Computers In SocietyMore impact than any other inventionChanged work and leisure activitiesUsed by all demographic groupsComputers are important because:Provide information to usersInformation is critical to our societyManaging information is difficult 1A-43Computers In SocietyComputers at homeMany homes have multiple computersInternet is commonly available at homesComputers are used forBusinessEntertainmentCommunicationEducation1A-44Computers In SocietyComputers in educationComputer literacy required at all levelsComputers in small businessMakes businesses more profitableAllows owners to manageComputers in industryComputers are used to design productsAssembly lines are automated1A-45Computers In SocietyComputers in governmentNecessary to track data for populationPolice officersTax calculation and collectionGovernments were the first computer users1A-46Computers In SocietyComputers in health careRevolutionized health careNew treatments possibleScheduling of patients has improvedDelivery of medicine is safer1A-47How Computer Bugs looksThe first computer bugRear Admiral Dr. Grace Murray HopperThe END