Kỹ thuật nâng - Vận chuyển - Dây và các chi tiết quấn, hướng dây

KYÕ THUAÄT NAÂNG - VAÄN CHUYEÅN CHÖÔNG 3 DAÂY & CAÙC CHI TIEÁT QUAÁN, HÖÔÙNG DAÂY (WIRE ROBES AND CHAINS FOR HOISTING AND HAULAGE. LIFTING TACKLE, DRUM, SHEAVES, SPROCKETS) DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (wire rope) Caáu taïo: Cheá taïo töø nhöõng sôïi theùp saùng hay traùng keõm ñöôøng kính töø 0,2-3mm ñaõ ñöôïc hoùa cöùng Keát caáu Tuøy theo caùch beän: -Beän ñôn -Beän keùp -Beän ba lôùp Tuøy theo chieàu cuoán : -Beän xuoâi - beän cheùo - Beän toång hôïp DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) Tuøy theo tình traïng tíeâp xuùc : -Tieáp xuùc ñöôøng -Tieáp xuùc ñieåm 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt) (wire rope) Beän keùp 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt) (wire rope) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) LLL %20rope LRL %20rope RLL %20rope RRL %20rope Caáu taïo theo chieàu cuoán Tính vaø choïn daây Individual wires, the ropes – an object of intricate construction- is composed of, are subject to various stresses in service (contact, tension, bending, and twisting) A mathematical treatment of all the factors controlling the wires of rope is practical impossible Codes used in rope design are based on factors of maximum rope tension, and safety Ropes are selected from applicable standards, using the relationship 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) Söû duïng caùp -Caùp thöôøng khoâng ñöùt töùc thôøi. -Chæ loïai boû caùp khi soá sôïi ñöùt caùp treân moät böôùc daøi vöôït soá sôïi cho pheùp 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) Noái ñaàu daây vôùi chi tieát khaùc (Attachment of ropes to machinery parts) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) Söû duïng ñuùng caùp 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope)    Phöông phaùp coá ñònh ñaàu caùp treân tang 1. DAÂY CAÙP THEÙP (tt)(wire rope) XÍCH (chains) Xích haøn (welded) -These are widely used in hoisting installation as pliable members -Welded chains fall in to ordinary type and calibrated one differing by the accuracy of fabrication Xích baûn leà ( roller chains) -Roller chains consist of steel plates hinge- joined by pins -Normally the chains are tested by the manufacturer with a load equal to half the breaking one -Roller chains are ore reliable than welded - Roller chains are heavier and more costly then welded ones 3. TANG CUOÁN CAÙP (drums) Muïc ñích: Phaân loaïi: Tang truï. Tang coân. Tang ma saùt. Caáu taïo, cheá taïo: Moät lôùp, nhieàu lôùp. Coù raõnh, khoâng coù raõnh. Ñuùc haøn. TANG CUOÁN CAÙP( tt) : Tang truï. -Distinction is made between drums spooling the rope in one layer and those on which the rope is wound is more than one layer - The winding face of drum is made smooth or provided machined helical grooves Caùc thoâng soá cô baûn : L,t, D TANG CUOÁN CAÙP( tt) : 3.TANG CUOÁN CAÙP (drums) tt D (e-1)dc L=L0+L1+2L2 L0=Z.t ={l/(D+dc)}t +(1,5-2)t L0=Z.t ={a.H/(D+dc)}t +(1,5-2)t t=dc+(2-3)mm Chieàu daày tang -Tang baèng gang: =0,02D+(6-10) mm -Tang baèng theùp: =1,2dc Tính beàn tang -L/D<3: kieåm tra neùn: n=k.Smax/.t[n] - L/D3:kieåm tra uoán, xoaén: u=Mu/Wu x=Mx/Wx -Toång öùng suaát: 3.TANG CUOÁN CAÙP (drums) tt 3.TANG CUOÁN CAÙP (drums) tt Tang coân Muïc ñích: Phaïm vi söû duïng. TANG CUOÁN CAÙP( tt) : TANG CUOÁN CAÙP( tt) : 3. Tang vaø puly ma saùt. Muïc ñích. Phaïm vi söû duïng. Capstan drums (traction –type drum) The rope connected to the load is not fastened to the drum but is held fast to it owing to traction between the drum surface and a few turn of rope coiled around the drum Hence according to Euler, the tension in the entering side of rope connected to the load is given: Se=Slef PULY (sheaves) Puly caùp. (Sheave grooves) Puly xích (sprockets) Chain sheave for welded chain Sprocket for roller PULY (tt): Ñoái vôùi xích: D0 ≥ 20d Ñoái vôùi caùp: D ≥ (e-1)dc Baùn kính cuûa raõnh: r = (0,6 – 0,7)dc PULY (tt) :-Hieäu suaát puly töø ñaây ta tìm ñöôïc Wc vôùi Löïc caûn oå truïc: vôùi Hieäu suaát puly: DEFINITION A lifting tackles is a system of stationary and movable sheaves interlinked by a pliable member in form of a wire rope to obtain a gain in either force ( power lifting tackle) or speed ( speed lifting tackle) PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) Ñònh nghóa. Ñaëc tính cô baûn: boäi suaát a YÙ nghóa vaät lyù: Hieäu suaát palaêng vaø löïc caêng daây lôùn nhaát: Khi naâng: PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt Löïc caùp leân tang: t: soá puly ñoåi höôùng PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt PALAÊNG (tt): Hieäu suaát palaêng Löïc caêng caùp lôùn nhaát Coâng coù ích Coâng toaøn phaàn Palaêng keùp PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt Caùc sô ñoà pa laêng lôïi löïc PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt Caùc sô ñoà pa laêng lôïi löïc PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt Caùc sô ñoà pa laêng lôïi löïc PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) Caùc sô ñoà pa laêng lôïi löïc A velocity lifting tackle -The principles of velocity lifting tackle design are basically the same as those employed for its power counterpart. -When the lifting tackle frame (point A) displaces through a distance h, the load moves through the distance H=ah, Where a is number of rope part reeved through the velocity lifting tackle. -Hence, the velocity of hoisting the load is Vload =a.V A PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt -Pa laêng lôïi toác- PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt -Pa laêng lôïi toác- PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt -Pa laêng lôïi toác- PALAÊNG (Lifting tackles) tt -Pa laêng lôïi toác- DAÂY & CAÙC CHI TIEÁT QUAÁN, HÖÔÙNG DAÂY ANY QUESTIONS ? ……….. 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